History: The 1890s
1895
  • January 8th - establishment of the first "Israel Gymnastic Club" in Constantinople (Kushta), Turkey
1897
  • Foundation of the "Physical Culture Club - Shimshon" in Plovdiv (Phillipopple), Bulgaria
1898
  • Dr. Max Nordau's appeal for a renewal of a "Jewry of muscles" (Muskeljudentum) at the 2nd Zionist Congress in Basel, Switzerland
  • Foundation of "Bar Kochba Berlin" and the Juedische Turnverein, Bielitz-Biala" (Austria)
1899-1903
  • Foundation of 20 Jewish Gymnastic Clubs (Juedische Turnvereine)
  • Bulgaria - 7, Austria - 2, Bohemia and Moravia - 5, Galicia (Poland) - 1, Germany - 5
Testimonials

It was a pleasure to coach each and every one of you in the two weeks we were together, from training camp in Philadelphia, to our experiences in Rome. It was great to see the new friendships and bonds you guys created, as that is a big part of the Maccabi experience. I hope each of you enjoyed the journey and can look back at our time in Rome as a memorable experience, as I continue to do.

Harris Adler

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